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The island state Dominica lies in the eastern Caribbean between Guadeloupe and Martinique and is the third largest island of the Lesser Antilles. With an area of 751 km², the state is slightly smaller than Berlin. The island is of volcanic origin, of which a multitude of hot springs and a crater lake still bear witness today: The “Boiling Lake”, whose water is hot to over 90 °C, is located in the national park Morne Trois Pitons, which belongs to the world cultural heritage. The island is predominantly mountainous, the mountain country is partly inaccessible by steep slopes, gorges and dense forests. The coastal strips are narrow, around 80% of the coast is steep. The highest elevation of the country is the Morne Diablotin with 1 447 m in the north of the island.

Numerous rivers rise in the mountains and flow into the Caribbean Sea. Despite the abundance of water, they are not navigable. The capital Roseau, founded in 1750, lies in the northwest of Dominica.

Political System

According to the 1978 Constitution, Dominica is a parliamentary republic within the British Commonwealth of Nations. Head of state is the President (since October 2013 Charles Savarin), who is elected by Parliament for a term of five years. The head of government and holder of the executive is the Prime Minister (since January 2004 Roosevelt Skerrit), who is appointed by the President.

The parliament consists of a single chamber, the House of Assembly, with 32 seats. 21 of the deputies, who have a five-year term, are elected in constituencies, nine are senators appointed by the president, and one is a spokesman. Another seat is in principle for a representative of the Caribbean Reserve. The legal system is based on the British model. Dominica is divided into ten districts (Parishes).

Economy

Like almost all Caribbean countries, Dominica has a small domestic market and little diversified industry. Agriculture accounts for about 18% of the gross domestic product (GDP). The harvests are repeatedly destroyed in part or completely by severe hurricanes. Bananas are the main crop and the most important export product; citrus fruits, cocoa, vanilla and coconuts are also cultivated and partly exported. For the population’s own needs, sweet potatoes, yam roots and manioc are cultivated.

Services account for the largest share of value added at 72% of GDP, of which tourism accounts for 30%. Dominica is trying to reduce its one-sided dependence on banana production by increasing investment in the tourism sector. However, the country’s infrastructure is inadequate.

The industry is only moderately developed and is limited to the processing of agricultural products, such as fruit juices, soap, alcoholic beverages and essential oils. The most important trading partners for exports are Great Britain, Jamaica, Antigua and Barbuda. The import of goods (machines, vehicles, semi-finished products, food) is mainly from China, the USA and other Caribbean countries. There are two airports: Melville Hall Airport and Canefield Airport. However, both have no international approval. The currency is the East Caribbean Dollar.

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